For years, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for thyroid nodules was a cash-pay procedure, limiting access for many patients. But with Medicare’s approval of CPT codes 60660 and 60661, more patients can now choose this minimally invasive treatment instead of surgery—without the heavy financial burden.
“This is a huge win for patients,” says Dr. Lindsey VanDyke, DO, Board-Certified Endocrinologist at AIDENDO. “Now, instead of paying out-of-pocket, Medicare beneficiaries can access thyroid RFA for just a co-pay. And where Medicare goes, private insurance often follows.”
This breakthrough makes thyroid nodule treatment more accessible, providing a safe and effective alternative to thyroid surgery. Here’s what you need to know.
What Are CPT Codes 60660 & 60661?
Starting January 1, 2025, Medicare introduced two new CPT codes for thyroid nodule ablation:
📌 CPT Code 60660 – Covers ablation of one thyroid nodule
📌 CPT Code 60661 – Covers ablation of an additional thyroid nodule on the same day
Previously, patients had to pay for RFA entirely out of pocket, making it inaccessible to many. Now, with Medicare coverage, eligible patients only need to cover standard co-pays and deductibles—eliminating a major barrier to care.
“It’s a game-changer for people who want to avoid thyroid surgery,” says Dr. VanDyke. “This gives patients real choices in how they manage their thyroid nodules while preserving normal thyroid function.”
Why This Matters: RFA vs. Thyroid Surgery
For decades, thyroidectomy (surgical removal of the thyroid) was the primary treatment option for large thyroid nodules. However, surgery comes with long recovery times, visible scars, and the possibility of needing lifelong thyroid medication.
Key Benefits of Thyroid RFA
✅ Minimally invasive – No incisions, just a needle insertion
✅ Quick recovery – Most patients return to normal activities the same day
✅ No scarring – Unlike surgery, RFA doesn’t leave a visible neck scar
✅ Preserves thyroid function – Unlike thyroidectomy, it shrinks the nodule without removing the gland
✅ Highly effective – Clinical studies show 50-80% nodule shrinkage over time
“I had my thyroid removed at 21,” shares Dr. VanDyke. “Now, I have to take thyroid medication for life. If RFA had been an option for me back then, I would have taken it in a heartbeat.”
Who Is a Good Candidate for Thyroid RFA?
While Medicare now covers thyroid RFA, not every patient is a good candidate. Ideal candidates include those who:
✔️ Have benign thyroid nodules (confirmed by biopsy)
✔️ Have nodules that are at least 1.5 cm, ideally 2 cm or larger
✔️ Experience pressure symptoms like difficulty swallowing, hoarse voice or a visible lump
✔️ Want to avoid surgery and lifelong medication
✔️ Can lie on a table with their neck extended for up to an hour
Some patients are not good candidates, including those who:
❌ Are on blood thinners (unless they can safely stop for a short period)
❌ Have a pacemaker or defibrillator
❌ Are pregnant (as safety data is lacking)
“If you check those boxes, then RFA is a fantastic way to shrink large thyroid nodules while keeping your thyroid function intact,” says Dr. VanDyke.
How to Get Thyroid RFA Covered by Medicare
If you are a Medicare beneficiary, the process is simple:
🔹 Step 1: Check Your Coverage – AIDENDO contracts directly with Medicare, so we can verify coverage and confirm any co-pays or deductibles.
🔹 Step 2: Get the Procedure – We perform the minimally invasive RFA treatment in-office, avoiding the need for hospitalization or general anesthesia.
🔹 Step 3: Medicare Handles the Billing – We bill Medicare directly after the procedure, eliminating extra paperwork for the patient.
For patients with private insurance (such as Blue Cross or Aetna), the process may involve:
📌 Calling your insurer to check if CPT 60660 is covered
📌 Confirming deductible and co-pay details
📌 Submitting paperwork for reimbursement if required
“We provide patients with everything they need to submit for insurance reimbursement, including step-by-step instructions,” explains Dr. VanDyke.
Why Advocacy Matters: Expanding Insurance Coverage
While Medicare has approved CPT codes 60660 and 60661, private insurance coverage varies by provider.
“Insurance companies adjust their covered procedures every year,” Dr. VanDyke notes. “Patients need to advocate for themselves and request that their insurance cover thyroid RFA. The more demand we create, the faster insurers will follow Medicare’s lead.”
If your insurance doesn’t yet cover thyroid RFA, consider:
📌 Calling your provider and requesting coverage for CPT 60660
📌 Filing an appeal if your claim is denied
📌 Consulting an endocrinologist who specializes in minimally invasive thyroid treatments
“The squeaky wheel gets the oil,” says Dr. VanDyke. “Patients need to speak up so insurance companies recognize the demand for this effective, minimally invasive procedure.”
Final Thoughts: A New Era for Thyroid Nodule Treatment
With Medicare now covering thyroid RFA, more patients than ever have access to a safe, effective alternative to surgery.
📌 Key Takeaways:
✔️ Medicare now covers thyroid RFA for eligible patients
✔️ CPT codes 60660 & 60661 eliminate out-of-pocket costs for many
✔️ Patients should verify coverage and co-pays before scheduling treatment
✔️ Advocacy is key for expanding insurance coverage beyond Medicare
“We’re thrilled that this technology is now more accessible,” says Dr. VanDyke. “Patients deserve the option to keep their thyroid and avoid unnecessary surgery whenever possible.”
📺 Watch the full video now to learn everything you need to know about Medicare-covered thyroid RFA!